|
1 // Copyright 2008 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved. |
|
2 // Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
|
3 // modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are |
|
4 // met: |
|
5 // |
|
6 // * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright |
|
7 // notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. |
|
8 // * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above |
|
9 // copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following |
|
10 // disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided |
|
11 // with the distribution. |
|
12 // * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its |
|
13 // contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived |
|
14 // from this software without specific prior written permission. |
|
15 // |
|
16 // THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS |
|
17 // "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT |
|
18 // LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR |
|
19 // A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT |
|
20 // OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, |
|
21 // SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT |
|
22 // LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, |
|
23 // DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY |
|
24 // THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT |
|
25 // (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE |
|
26 // OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. |
|
27 |
|
28 |
|
29 // Simple framework for running the benchmark suites and |
|
30 // computing a score based on the timing measurements. |
|
31 |
|
32 |
|
33 // A benchmark has a name (string) and a function that will be run to |
|
34 // do the performance measurement. The optional setup and tearDown |
|
35 // arguments are functions that will be invoked before and after |
|
36 // running the benchmark, but the running time of these functions will |
|
37 // not be accounted for in the benchmark score. |
|
38 function Benchmark(name, run, setup, tearDown) { |
|
39 this.name = name; |
|
40 this.run = run; |
|
41 this.Setup = setup ? setup : function() { }; |
|
42 this.TearDown = tearDown ? tearDown : function() { }; |
|
43 } |
|
44 |
|
45 |
|
46 // Benchmark results hold the benchmark and the measured time used to |
|
47 // run the benchmark. The benchmark score is computed later once a |
|
48 // full benchmark suite has run to completion. |
|
49 function BenchmarkResult(benchmark, time) { |
|
50 this.benchmark = benchmark; |
|
51 this.time = time; |
|
52 } |
|
53 |
|
54 |
|
55 // Automatically convert results to numbers. Used by the geometric |
|
56 // mean computation. |
|
57 BenchmarkResult.prototype.valueOf = function() { |
|
58 return this.time; |
|
59 } |
|
60 |
|
61 |
|
62 // Suites of benchmarks consist of a name and the set of benchmarks in |
|
63 // addition to the reference timing that the final score will be based |
|
64 // on. This way, all scores are relative to a reference run and higher |
|
65 // scores implies better performance. |
|
66 function BenchmarkSuite(name, reference, benchmarks) { |
|
67 this.name = name; |
|
68 this.reference = reference; |
|
69 this.benchmarks = benchmarks; |
|
70 BenchmarkSuite.suites.push(this); |
|
71 } |
|
72 |
|
73 |
|
74 // Keep track of all declared benchmark suites. |
|
75 BenchmarkSuite.suites = []; |
|
76 |
|
77 |
|
78 // Scores are not comparable across versions. Bump the version if |
|
79 // you're making changes that will affect that scores, e.g. if you add |
|
80 // a new benchmark or change an existing one. |
|
81 BenchmarkSuite.version = '5'; |
|
82 |
|
83 |
|
84 // To make the benchmark results predictable, we replace Math.random |
|
85 // with a 100% deterministic alternative. |
|
86 Math.random = (function() { |
|
87 var seed = 49734321; |
|
88 return function() { |
|
89 // Robert Jenkins' 32 bit integer hash function. |
|
90 seed = ((seed + 0x7ed55d16) + (seed << 12)) & 0xffffffff; |
|
91 seed = ((seed ^ 0xc761c23c) ^ (seed >>> 19)) & 0xffffffff; |
|
92 seed = ((seed + 0x165667b1) + (seed << 5)) & 0xffffffff; |
|
93 seed = ((seed + 0xd3a2646c) ^ (seed << 9)) & 0xffffffff; |
|
94 seed = ((seed + 0xfd7046c5) + (seed << 3)) & 0xffffffff; |
|
95 seed = ((seed ^ 0xb55a4f09) ^ (seed >>> 16)) & 0xffffffff; |
|
96 return (seed & 0xfffffff) / 0x10000000; |
|
97 }; |
|
98 })(); |
|
99 |
|
100 |
|
101 // Runs all registered benchmark suites and optionally yields between |
|
102 // each individual benchmark to avoid running for too long in the |
|
103 // context of browsers. Once done, the final score is reported to the |
|
104 // runner. |
|
105 BenchmarkSuite.RunSuites = function(runner) { |
|
106 var continuation = null; |
|
107 var suites = BenchmarkSuite.suites; |
|
108 var length = suites.length; |
|
109 BenchmarkSuite.scores = []; |
|
110 var index = 0; |
|
111 function RunStep() { |
|
112 while (continuation || index < length) { |
|
113 if (continuation) { |
|
114 continuation = continuation(); |
|
115 } else { |
|
116 var suite = suites[index++]; |
|
117 if (runner.NotifyStart) runner.NotifyStart(suite.name); |
|
118 continuation = suite.RunStep(runner); |
|
119 } |
|
120 if (continuation && typeof window != 'undefined' && window.setTimeout) { |
|
121 window.setTimeout(RunStep, 25); |
|
122 return; |
|
123 } |
|
124 } |
|
125 if (runner.NotifyScore) { |
|
126 var score = BenchmarkSuite.GeometricMean(BenchmarkSuite.scores); |
|
127 var formatted = BenchmarkSuite.FormatScore(100 * score); |
|
128 runner.NotifyScore(formatted); |
|
129 } |
|
130 } |
|
131 RunStep(); |
|
132 } |
|
133 |
|
134 |
|
135 // Counts the total number of registered benchmarks. Useful for |
|
136 // showing progress as a percentage. |
|
137 BenchmarkSuite.CountBenchmarks = function() { |
|
138 var result = 0; |
|
139 var suites = BenchmarkSuite.suites; |
|
140 for (var i = 0; i < suites.length; i++) { |
|
141 result += suites[i].benchmarks.length; |
|
142 } |
|
143 return result; |
|
144 } |
|
145 |
|
146 |
|
147 // Computes the geometric mean of a set of numbers. |
|
148 BenchmarkSuite.GeometricMean = function(numbers) { |
|
149 var log = 0; |
|
150 for (var i = 0; i < numbers.length; i++) { |
|
151 log += Math.log(numbers[i]); |
|
152 } |
|
153 return Math.pow(Math.E, log / numbers.length); |
|
154 } |
|
155 |
|
156 |
|
157 // Converts a score value to a string with at least three significant |
|
158 // digits. |
|
159 BenchmarkSuite.FormatScore = function(value) { |
|
160 if (value > 100) { |
|
161 return value.toFixed(0); |
|
162 } else { |
|
163 return value.toPrecision(3); |
|
164 } |
|
165 } |
|
166 |
|
167 // Notifies the runner that we're done running a single benchmark in |
|
168 // the benchmark suite. This can be useful to report progress. |
|
169 BenchmarkSuite.prototype.NotifyStep = function(result) { |
|
170 this.results.push(result); |
|
171 if (this.runner.NotifyStep) this.runner.NotifyStep(result.benchmark.name); |
|
172 } |
|
173 |
|
174 |
|
175 // Notifies the runner that we're done with running a suite and that |
|
176 // we have a result which can be reported to the user if needed. |
|
177 BenchmarkSuite.prototype.NotifyResult = function() { |
|
178 var mean = BenchmarkSuite.GeometricMean(this.results); |
|
179 var score = this.reference / mean; |
|
180 BenchmarkSuite.scores.push(score); |
|
181 if (this.runner.NotifyResult) { |
|
182 var formatted = BenchmarkSuite.FormatScore(100 * score); |
|
183 this.runner.NotifyResult(this.name, formatted); |
|
184 } |
|
185 } |
|
186 |
|
187 |
|
188 // Notifies the runner that running a benchmark resulted in an error. |
|
189 BenchmarkSuite.prototype.NotifyError = function(error) { |
|
190 if (this.runner.NotifyError) { |
|
191 this.runner.NotifyError(this.name, error); |
|
192 } |
|
193 if (this.runner.NotifyStep) { |
|
194 this.runner.NotifyStep(this.name); |
|
195 } |
|
196 } |
|
197 |
|
198 |
|
199 // Runs a single benchmark for at least a second and computes the |
|
200 // average time it takes to run a single iteration. |
|
201 BenchmarkSuite.prototype.RunSingleBenchmark = function(benchmark) { |
|
202 var elapsed = 0; |
|
203 var start = new Date(); |
|
204 for (var n = 0; elapsed < 200; n++) { |
|
205 benchmark.run(); |
|
206 elapsed = new Date() - start; |
|
207 } |
|
208 var usec = (elapsed * 1000) / n; |
|
209 this.NotifyStep(new BenchmarkResult(benchmark, usec)); |
|
210 } |
|
211 |
|
212 |
|
213 // This function starts running a suite, but stops between each |
|
214 // individual benchmark in the suite and returns a continuation |
|
215 // function which can be invoked to run the next benchmark. Once the |
|
216 // last benchmark has been executed, null is returned. |
|
217 BenchmarkSuite.prototype.RunStep = function(runner) { |
|
218 this.results = []; |
|
219 this.runner = runner; |
|
220 var length = this.benchmarks.length; |
|
221 var index = 0; |
|
222 var suite = this; |
|
223 |
|
224 // Run the setup, the actual benchmark, and the tear down in three |
|
225 // separate steps to allow the framework to yield between any of the |
|
226 // steps. |
|
227 |
|
228 function RunNextSetup() { |
|
229 if (index < length) { |
|
230 try { |
|
231 suite.benchmarks[index].Setup(); |
|
232 } catch (e) { |
|
233 suite.NotifyError(e); |
|
234 return null; |
|
235 } |
|
236 return RunNextBenchmark; |
|
237 } |
|
238 suite.NotifyResult(); |
|
239 return null; |
|
240 } |
|
241 |
|
242 function RunNextBenchmark() { |
|
243 try { |
|
244 suite.RunSingleBenchmark(suite.benchmarks[index]); |
|
245 } catch (e) { |
|
246 suite.NotifyError(e); |
|
247 return null; |
|
248 } |
|
249 return RunNextTearDown; |
|
250 } |
|
251 |
|
252 function RunNextTearDown() { |
|
253 try { |
|
254 suite.benchmarks[index++].TearDown(); |
|
255 } catch (e) { |
|
256 suite.NotifyError(e); |
|
257 return null; |
|
258 } |
|
259 return RunNextSetup; |
|
260 } |
|
261 |
|
262 // Start out running the setup. |
|
263 return RunNextSetup(); |
|
264 } |
|
265 |
|
266 |
|
267 // Copyright 2008 Google Inc. All Rights Reserved. |
|
268 // Copyright 1996 John Maloney and Mario Wolczko. |
|
269 |
|
270 // This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify |
|
271 // it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by |
|
272 // the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or |
|
273 // (at your option) any later version. |
|
274 // |
|
275 // This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
|
276 // but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
|
277 // MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the |
|
278 // GNU General Public License for more details. |
|
279 // |
|
280 // You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License |
|
281 // along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software |
|
282 // Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA |
|
283 |
|
284 |
|
285 // This implementation of the DeltaBlue benchmark is derived |
|
286 // from the Smalltalk implementation by John Maloney and Mario |
|
287 // Wolczko. Some parts have been translated directly, whereas |
|
288 // others have been modified more aggresively to make it feel |
|
289 // more like a JavaScript program. |
|
290 |
|
291 |
|
292 var DeltaBlue = new BenchmarkSuite('DeltaBlue', 71104, [ |
|
293 new Benchmark('DeltaBlue', deltaBlue) |
|
294 ]); |
|
295 |
|
296 |
|
297 /** |
|
298 * A JavaScript implementation of the DeltaBlue constrain-solving |
|
299 * algorithm, as described in: |
|
300 * |
|
301 * "The DeltaBlue Algorithm: An Incremental Constraint Hierarchy Solver" |
|
302 * Bjorn N. Freeman-Benson and John Maloney |
|
303 * January 1990 Communications of the ACM, |
|
304 * also available as University of Washington TR 89-08-06. |
|
305 * |
|
306 * Beware: this benchmark is written in a grotesque style where |
|
307 * the constraint model is built by side-effects from constructors. |
|
308 * I've kept it this way to avoid deviating too much from the original |
|
309 * implementation. |
|
310 */ |
|
311 |
|
312 |
|
313 /* --- O b j e c t M o d e l --- */ |
|
314 |
|
315 Object.prototype.inherits = function (shuper) { |
|
316 function Inheriter() { } |
|
317 Inheriter.prototype = shuper.prototype; |
|
318 this.prototype = new Inheriter(); |
|
319 this.superConstructor = shuper; |
|
320 } |
|
321 |
|
322 function OrderedCollection() { |
|
323 this.elms = new Array(); |
|
324 } |
|
325 |
|
326 OrderedCollection.prototype.add = function (elm) { |
|
327 this.elms.push(elm); |
|
328 } |
|
329 |
|
330 OrderedCollection.prototype.at = function (index) { |
|
331 return this.elms[index]; |
|
332 } |
|
333 |
|
334 OrderedCollection.prototype.size = function () { |
|
335 return this.elms.length; |
|
336 } |
|
337 |
|
338 OrderedCollection.prototype.removeFirst = function () { |
|
339 return this.elms.pop(); |
|
340 } |
|
341 |
|
342 OrderedCollection.prototype.remove = function (elm) { |
|
343 var index = 0, skipped = 0; |
|
344 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
345 for (var i = 0; i < this.elms.length; i++) { |
|
346 var value = this.elms[i]; |
|
347 if (value != elm) { |
|
348 this.elms[index] = value; |
|
349 index++; |
|
350 } else { |
|
351 skipped++; |
|
352 } |
|
353 } |
|
354 /* END LOOP */ |
|
355 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
356 for (var i = 0; i < skipped; i++) |
|
357 this.elms.pop(); |
|
358 /* END LOOP */ |
|
359 } |
|
360 |
|
361 /* --- * |
|
362 * S t r e n g t h |
|
363 * --- */ |
|
364 |
|
365 /** |
|
366 * Strengths are used to measure the relative importance of constraints. |
|
367 * New strengths may be inserted in the strength hierarchy without |
|
368 * disrupting current constraints. Strengths cannot be created outside |
|
369 * this class, so pointer comparison can be used for value comparison. |
|
370 */ |
|
371 function Strength(strengthValue, name) { |
|
372 this.strengthValue = strengthValue; |
|
373 this.name = name; |
|
374 } |
|
375 |
|
376 Strength.stronger = function (s1, s2) { |
|
377 return s1.strengthValue < s2.strengthValue; |
|
378 } |
|
379 |
|
380 Strength.weaker = function (s1, s2) { |
|
381 return s1.strengthValue > s2.strengthValue; |
|
382 } |
|
383 |
|
384 Strength.weakestOf = function (s1, s2) { |
|
385 return this.weaker(s1, s2) ? s1 : s2; |
|
386 } |
|
387 |
|
388 Strength.strongest = function (s1, s2) { |
|
389 return this.stronger(s1, s2) ? s1 : s2; |
|
390 } |
|
391 |
|
392 Strength.prototype.nextWeaker = function () { |
|
393 switch (this.strengthValue) { |
|
394 case 0: return Strength.WEAKEST; |
|
395 case 1: return Strength.WEAK_DEFAULT; |
|
396 case 2: return Strength.NORMAL; |
|
397 case 3: return Strength.STRONG_DEFAULT; |
|
398 case 4: return Strength.PREFERRED; |
|
399 case 5: return Strength.REQUIRED; |
|
400 } |
|
401 } |
|
402 |
|
403 // Strength constants. |
|
404 Strength.REQUIRED = new Strength(0, "required"); |
|
405 Strength.STONG_PREFERRED = new Strength(1, "strongPreferred"); |
|
406 Strength.PREFERRED = new Strength(2, "preferred"); |
|
407 Strength.STRONG_DEFAULT = new Strength(3, "strongDefault"); |
|
408 Strength.NORMAL = new Strength(4, "normal"); |
|
409 Strength.WEAK_DEFAULT = new Strength(5, "weakDefault"); |
|
410 Strength.WEAKEST = new Strength(6, "weakest"); |
|
411 |
|
412 /* --- * |
|
413 * C o n s t r a i n t |
|
414 * --- */ |
|
415 |
|
416 /** |
|
417 * An abstract class representing a system-maintainable relationship |
|
418 * (or "constraint") between a set of variables. A constraint supplies |
|
419 * a strength instance variable; concrete subclasses provide a means |
|
420 * of storing the constrained variables and other information required |
|
421 * to represent a constraint. |
|
422 */ |
|
423 function Constraint(strength) { |
|
424 this.strength = strength; |
|
425 } |
|
426 |
|
427 /** |
|
428 * Activate this constraint and attempt to satisfy it. |
|
429 */ |
|
430 Constraint.prototype.addConstraint = function () { |
|
431 this.addToGraph(); |
|
432 planner.incrementalAdd(this); |
|
433 } |
|
434 |
|
435 /** |
|
436 * Attempt to find a way to enforce this constraint. If successful, |
|
437 * record the solution, perhaps modifying the current dataflow |
|
438 * graph. Answer the constraint that this constraint overrides, if |
|
439 * there is one, or nil, if there isn't. |
|
440 * Assume: I am not already satisfied. |
|
441 */ |
|
442 Constraint.prototype.satisfy = function (mark) { |
|
443 this.chooseMethod(mark); |
|
444 if (!this.isSatisfied()) { |
|
445 if (this.strength == Strength.REQUIRED) |
|
446 alert("Could not satisfy a required constraint!"); |
|
447 return null; |
|
448 } |
|
449 this.markInputs(mark); |
|
450 var out = this.output(); |
|
451 var overridden = out.determinedBy; |
|
452 if (overridden != null) overridden.markUnsatisfied(); |
|
453 out.determinedBy = this; |
|
454 if (!planner.addPropagate(this, mark)) |
|
455 alert("Cycle encountered"); |
|
456 out.mark = mark; |
|
457 return overridden; |
|
458 } |
|
459 |
|
460 Constraint.prototype.destroyConstraint = function () { |
|
461 if (this.isSatisfied()) planner.incrementalRemove(this); |
|
462 else this.removeFromGraph(); |
|
463 } |
|
464 |
|
465 /** |
|
466 * Normal constraints are not input constraints. An input constraint |
|
467 * is one that depends on external state, such as the mouse, the |
|
468 * keybord, a clock, or some arbitraty piece of imperative code. |
|
469 */ |
|
470 Constraint.prototype.isInput = function () { |
|
471 return false; |
|
472 } |
|
473 |
|
474 /* --- * |
|
475 * U n a r y C o n s t r a i n t |
|
476 * --- */ |
|
477 |
|
478 /** |
|
479 * Abstract superclass for constraints having a single possible output |
|
480 * variable. |
|
481 */ |
|
482 function UnaryConstraint(v, strength) { |
|
483 UnaryConstraint.superConstructor.call(this, strength); |
|
484 this.myOutput = v; |
|
485 this.satisfied = false; |
|
486 this.addConstraint(); |
|
487 } |
|
488 |
|
489 UnaryConstraint.inherits(Constraint); |
|
490 |
|
491 /** |
|
492 * Adds this constraint to the constraint graph |
|
493 */ |
|
494 UnaryConstraint.prototype.addToGraph = function () { |
|
495 this.myOutput.addConstraint(this); |
|
496 this.satisfied = false; |
|
497 } |
|
498 |
|
499 /** |
|
500 * Decides if this constraint can be satisfied and records that |
|
501 * decision. |
|
502 */ |
|
503 UnaryConstraint.prototype.chooseMethod = function (mark) { |
|
504 this.satisfied = (this.myOutput.mark != mark) |
|
505 && Strength.stronger(this.strength, this.myOutput.walkStrength); |
|
506 } |
|
507 |
|
508 /** |
|
509 * Returns true if this constraint is satisfied in the current solution. |
|
510 */ |
|
511 UnaryConstraint.prototype.isSatisfied = function () { |
|
512 return this.satisfied; |
|
513 } |
|
514 |
|
515 UnaryConstraint.prototype.markInputs = function (mark) { |
|
516 // has no inputs |
|
517 } |
|
518 |
|
519 /** |
|
520 * Returns the current output variable. |
|
521 */ |
|
522 UnaryConstraint.prototype.output = function () { |
|
523 return this.myOutput; |
|
524 } |
|
525 |
|
526 /** |
|
527 * Calculate the walkabout strength, the stay flag, and, if it is |
|
528 * 'stay', the value for the current output of this constraint. Assume |
|
529 * this constraint is satisfied. |
|
530 */ |
|
531 UnaryConstraint.prototype.recalculate = function () { |
|
532 this.myOutput.walkStrength = this.strength; |
|
533 this.myOutput.stay = !this.isInput(); |
|
534 if (this.myOutput.stay) this.execute(); // Stay optimization |
|
535 } |
|
536 |
|
537 /** |
|
538 * Records that this constraint is unsatisfied |
|
539 */ |
|
540 UnaryConstraint.prototype.markUnsatisfied = function () { |
|
541 this.satisfied = false; |
|
542 } |
|
543 |
|
544 UnaryConstraint.prototype.inputsKnown = function () { |
|
545 return true; |
|
546 } |
|
547 |
|
548 UnaryConstraint.prototype.removeFromGraph = function () { |
|
549 if (this.myOutput != null) this.myOutput.removeConstraint(this); |
|
550 this.satisfied = false; |
|
551 } |
|
552 |
|
553 /* --- * |
|
554 * S t a y C o n s t r a i n t |
|
555 * --- */ |
|
556 |
|
557 /** |
|
558 * Variables that should, with some level of preference, stay the same. |
|
559 * Planners may exploit the fact that instances, if satisfied, will not |
|
560 * change their output during plan execution. This is called "stay |
|
561 * optimization". |
|
562 */ |
|
563 function StayConstraint(v, str) { |
|
564 StayConstraint.superConstructor.call(this, v, str); |
|
565 } |
|
566 |
|
567 StayConstraint.inherits(UnaryConstraint); |
|
568 |
|
569 StayConstraint.prototype.execute = function () { |
|
570 // Stay constraints do nothing |
|
571 } |
|
572 |
|
573 /* --- * |
|
574 * E d i t C o n s t r a i n t |
|
575 * --- */ |
|
576 |
|
577 /** |
|
578 * A unary input constraint used to mark a variable that the client |
|
579 * wishes to change. |
|
580 */ |
|
581 function EditConstraint(v, str) { |
|
582 EditConstraint.superConstructor.call(this, v, str); |
|
583 } |
|
584 |
|
585 EditConstraint.inherits(UnaryConstraint); |
|
586 |
|
587 /** |
|
588 * Edits indicate that a variable is to be changed by imperative code. |
|
589 */ |
|
590 EditConstraint.prototype.isInput = function () { |
|
591 return true; |
|
592 } |
|
593 |
|
594 EditConstraint.prototype.execute = function () { |
|
595 // Edit constraints do nothing |
|
596 } |
|
597 |
|
598 /* --- * |
|
599 * B i n a r y C o n s t r a i n t |
|
600 * --- */ |
|
601 |
|
602 var Direction = new Object(); |
|
603 Direction.NONE = 0; |
|
604 Direction.FORWARD = 1; |
|
605 Direction.BACKWARD = -1; |
|
606 |
|
607 /** |
|
608 * Abstract superclass for constraints having two possible output |
|
609 * variables. |
|
610 */ |
|
611 function BinaryConstraint(var1, var2, strength) { |
|
612 BinaryConstraint.superConstructor.call(this, strength); |
|
613 this.v1 = var1; |
|
614 this.v2 = var2; |
|
615 this.direction = Direction.NONE; |
|
616 this.addConstraint(); |
|
617 } |
|
618 |
|
619 BinaryConstraint.inherits(Constraint); |
|
620 |
|
621 /** |
|
622 * Decides if this constratint can be satisfied and which way it |
|
623 * should flow based on the relative strength of the variables related, |
|
624 * and record that decision. |
|
625 */ |
|
626 BinaryConstraint.prototype.chooseMethod = function (mark) { |
|
627 if (this.v1.mark == mark) { |
|
628 this.direction = (this.v1.mark != mark && Strength.stronger(this.strength, this.v2.walkStrength)) |
|
629 ? Direction.FORWARD |
|
630 : Direction.NONE; |
|
631 } |
|
632 if (this.v2.mark == mark) { |
|
633 this.direction = (this.v1.mark != mark && Strength.stronger(this.strength, this.v1.walkStrength)) |
|
634 ? Direction.BACKWARD |
|
635 : Direction.NONE; |
|
636 } |
|
637 if (Strength.weaker(this.v1.walkStrength, this.v2.walkStrength)) { |
|
638 this.direction = Strength.stronger(this.strength, this.v1.walkStrength) |
|
639 ? Direction.BACKWARD |
|
640 : Direction.NONE; |
|
641 } else { |
|
642 this.direction = Strength.stronger(this.strength, this.v2.walkStrength) |
|
643 ? Direction.FORWARD |
|
644 : Direction.BACKWARD |
|
645 } |
|
646 } |
|
647 |
|
648 /** |
|
649 * Add this constraint to the constraint graph |
|
650 */ |
|
651 BinaryConstraint.prototype.addToGraph = function () { |
|
652 this.v1.addConstraint(this); |
|
653 this.v2.addConstraint(this); |
|
654 this.direction = Direction.NONE; |
|
655 } |
|
656 |
|
657 /** |
|
658 * Answer true if this constraint is satisfied in the current solution. |
|
659 */ |
|
660 BinaryConstraint.prototype.isSatisfied = function () { |
|
661 return this.direction != Direction.NONE; |
|
662 } |
|
663 |
|
664 /** |
|
665 * Mark the input variable with the given mark. |
|
666 */ |
|
667 BinaryConstraint.prototype.markInputs = function (mark) { |
|
668 this.input().mark = mark; |
|
669 } |
|
670 |
|
671 /** |
|
672 * Returns the current input variable |
|
673 */ |
|
674 BinaryConstraint.prototype.input = function () { |
|
675 return (this.direction == Direction.FORWARD) ? this.v1 : this.v2; |
|
676 } |
|
677 |
|
678 /** |
|
679 * Returns the current output variable |
|
680 */ |
|
681 BinaryConstraint.prototype.output = function () { |
|
682 return (this.direction == Direction.FORWARD) ? this.v2 : this.v1; |
|
683 } |
|
684 |
|
685 /** |
|
686 * Calculate the walkabout strength, the stay flag, and, if it is |
|
687 * 'stay', the value for the current output of this |
|
688 * constraint. Assume this constraint is satisfied. |
|
689 */ |
|
690 BinaryConstraint.prototype.recalculate = function () { |
|
691 var ihn = this.input(), out = this.output(); |
|
692 out.walkStrength = Strength.weakestOf(this.strength, ihn.walkStrength); |
|
693 out.stay = ihn.stay; |
|
694 if (out.stay) this.execute(); |
|
695 } |
|
696 |
|
697 /** |
|
698 * Record the fact that this constraint is unsatisfied. |
|
699 */ |
|
700 BinaryConstraint.prototype.markUnsatisfied = function () { |
|
701 this.direction = Direction.NONE; |
|
702 } |
|
703 |
|
704 BinaryConstraint.prototype.inputsKnown = function (mark) { |
|
705 var i = this.input(); |
|
706 return i.mark == mark || i.stay || i.determinedBy == null; |
|
707 } |
|
708 |
|
709 BinaryConstraint.prototype.removeFromGraph = function () { |
|
710 if (this.v1 != null) this.v1.removeConstraint(this); |
|
711 if (this.v2 != null) this.v2.removeConstraint(this); |
|
712 this.direction = Direction.NONE; |
|
713 } |
|
714 |
|
715 /* --- * |
|
716 * S c a l e C o n s t r a i n t |
|
717 * --- */ |
|
718 |
|
719 /** |
|
720 * Relates two variables by the linear scaling relationship: "v2 = |
|
721 * (v1 * scale) + offset". Either v1 or v2 may be changed to maintain |
|
722 * this relationship but the scale factor and offset are considered |
|
723 * read-only. |
|
724 */ |
|
725 function ScaleConstraint(src, scale, offset, dest, strength) { |
|
726 this.direction = Direction.NONE; |
|
727 this.scale = scale; |
|
728 this.offset = offset; |
|
729 ScaleConstraint.superConstructor.call(this, src, dest, strength); |
|
730 } |
|
731 |
|
732 ScaleConstraint.inherits(BinaryConstraint); |
|
733 |
|
734 /** |
|
735 * Adds this constraint to the constraint graph. |
|
736 */ |
|
737 ScaleConstraint.prototype.addToGraph = function () { |
|
738 ScaleConstraint.superConstructor.prototype.addToGraph.call(this); |
|
739 this.scale.addConstraint(this); |
|
740 this.offset.addConstraint(this); |
|
741 } |
|
742 |
|
743 ScaleConstraint.prototype.removeFromGraph = function () { |
|
744 ScaleConstraint.superConstructor.prototype.removeFromGraph.call(this); |
|
745 if (this.scale != null) this.scale.removeConstraint(this); |
|
746 if (this.offset != null) this.offset.removeConstraint(this); |
|
747 } |
|
748 |
|
749 ScaleConstraint.prototype.markInputs = function (mark) { |
|
750 ScaleConstraint.superConstructor.prototype.markInputs.call(this, mark); |
|
751 this.scale.mark = this.offset.mark = mark; |
|
752 } |
|
753 |
|
754 /** |
|
755 * Enforce this constraint. Assume that it is satisfied. |
|
756 */ |
|
757 ScaleConstraint.prototype.execute = function () { |
|
758 if (this.direction == Direction.FORWARD) { |
|
759 this.v2.value = this.v1.value * this.scale.value + this.offset.value; |
|
760 } else { |
|
761 this.v1.value = (this.v2.value - this.offset.value) / this.scale.value; |
|
762 } |
|
763 } |
|
764 |
|
765 /** |
|
766 * Calculate the walkabout strength, the stay flag, and, if it is |
|
767 * 'stay', the value for the current output of this constraint. Assume |
|
768 * this constraint is satisfied. |
|
769 */ |
|
770 ScaleConstraint.prototype.recalculate = function () { |
|
771 var ihn = this.input(), out = this.output(); |
|
772 out.walkStrength = Strength.weakestOf(this.strength, ihn.walkStrength); |
|
773 out.stay = ihn.stay && this.scale.stay && this.offset.stay; |
|
774 if (out.stay) this.execute(); |
|
775 } |
|
776 |
|
777 /* --- * |
|
778 * E q u a l i t y C o n s t r a i n t |
|
779 * --- */ |
|
780 |
|
781 /** |
|
782 * Constrains two variables to have the same value. |
|
783 */ |
|
784 function EqualityConstraint(var1, var2, strength) { |
|
785 EqualityConstraint.superConstructor.call(this, var1, var2, strength); |
|
786 } |
|
787 |
|
788 EqualityConstraint.inherits(BinaryConstraint); |
|
789 |
|
790 /** |
|
791 * Enforce this constraint. Assume that it is satisfied. |
|
792 */ |
|
793 EqualityConstraint.prototype.execute = function () { |
|
794 this.output().value = this.input().value; |
|
795 } |
|
796 |
|
797 /* --- * |
|
798 * V a r i a b l e |
|
799 * --- */ |
|
800 |
|
801 /** |
|
802 * A constrained variable. In addition to its value, it maintain the |
|
803 * structure of the constraint graph, the current dataflow graph, and |
|
804 * various parameters of interest to the DeltaBlue incremental |
|
805 * constraint solver. |
|
806 **/ |
|
807 function Variable(name, initialValue) { |
|
808 this.value = initialValue || 0; |
|
809 this.constraints = new OrderedCollection(); |
|
810 this.determinedBy = null; |
|
811 this.mark = 0; |
|
812 this.walkStrength = Strength.WEAKEST; |
|
813 this.stay = true; |
|
814 this.name = name; |
|
815 } |
|
816 |
|
817 /** |
|
818 * Add the given constraint to the set of all constraints that refer |
|
819 * this variable. |
|
820 */ |
|
821 Variable.prototype.addConstraint = function (c) { |
|
822 this.constraints.add(c); |
|
823 } |
|
824 |
|
825 /** |
|
826 * Removes all traces of c from this variable. |
|
827 */ |
|
828 Variable.prototype.removeConstraint = function (c) { |
|
829 this.constraints.remove(c); |
|
830 if (this.determinedBy == c) this.determinedBy = null; |
|
831 } |
|
832 |
|
833 /* --- * |
|
834 * P l a n n e r |
|
835 * --- */ |
|
836 |
|
837 /** |
|
838 * The DeltaBlue planner |
|
839 */ |
|
840 function Planner() { |
|
841 this.currentMark = 0; |
|
842 } |
|
843 |
|
844 /** |
|
845 * Attempt to satisfy the given constraint and, if successful, |
|
846 * incrementally update the dataflow graph. Details: If satifying |
|
847 * the constraint is successful, it may override a weaker constraint |
|
848 * on its output. The algorithm attempts to resatisfy that |
|
849 * constraint using some other method. This process is repeated |
|
850 * until either a) it reaches a variable that was not previously |
|
851 * determined by any constraint or b) it reaches a constraint that |
|
852 * is too weak to be satisfied using any of its methods. The |
|
853 * variables of constraints that have been processed are marked with |
|
854 * a unique mark value so that we know where we've been. This allows |
|
855 * the algorithm to avoid getting into an infinite loop even if the |
|
856 * constraint graph has an inadvertent cycle. |
|
857 */ |
|
858 Planner.prototype.incrementalAdd = function (c) { |
|
859 var mark = this.newMark(); |
|
860 var overridden = c.satisfy(mark); |
|
861 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
862 while (overridden != null) |
|
863 overridden = overridden.satisfy(mark); |
|
864 /* END LOOP */ |
|
865 } |
|
866 |
|
867 /** |
|
868 * Entry point for retracting a constraint. Remove the given |
|
869 * constraint and incrementally update the dataflow graph. |
|
870 * Details: Retracting the given constraint may allow some currently |
|
871 * unsatisfiable downstream constraint to be satisfied. We therefore collect |
|
872 * a list of unsatisfied downstream constraints and attempt to |
|
873 * satisfy each one in turn. This list is traversed by constraint |
|
874 * strength, strongest first, as a heuristic for avoiding |
|
875 * unnecessarily adding and then overriding weak constraints. |
|
876 * Assume: c is satisfied. |
|
877 */ |
|
878 Planner.prototype.incrementalRemove = function (c) { |
|
879 var out = c.output(); |
|
880 c.markUnsatisfied(); |
|
881 c.removeFromGraph(); |
|
882 var unsatisfied = this.removePropagateFrom(out); |
|
883 var strength = Strength.REQUIRED; |
|
884 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
885 do { |
|
886 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
887 for (var i = 0; i < unsatisfied.size(); i++) { |
|
888 var u = unsatisfied.at(i); |
|
889 if (u.strength == strength) |
|
890 this.incrementalAdd(u); |
|
891 } |
|
892 /* END LOOP */ |
|
893 strength = strength.nextWeaker(); |
|
894 } while (strength != Strength.WEAKEST); |
|
895 /* END LOOP */ |
|
896 } |
|
897 |
|
898 /** |
|
899 * Select a previously unused mark value. |
|
900 */ |
|
901 Planner.prototype.newMark = function () { |
|
902 return ++this.currentMark; |
|
903 } |
|
904 |
|
905 /** |
|
906 * Extract a plan for resatisfaction starting from the given source |
|
907 * constraints, usually a set of input constraints. This method |
|
908 * assumes that stay optimization is desired; the plan will contain |
|
909 * only constraints whose output variables are not stay. Constraints |
|
910 * that do no computation, such as stay and edit constraints, are |
|
911 * not included in the plan. |
|
912 * Details: The outputs of a constraint are marked when it is added |
|
913 * to the plan under construction. A constraint may be appended to |
|
914 * the plan when all its input variables are known. A variable is |
|
915 * known if either a) the variable is marked (indicating that has |
|
916 * been computed by a constraint appearing earlier in the plan), b) |
|
917 * the variable is 'stay' (i.e. it is a constant at plan execution |
|
918 * time), or c) the variable is not determined by any |
|
919 * constraint. The last provision is for past states of history |
|
920 * variables, which are not stay but which are also not computed by |
|
921 * any constraint. |
|
922 * Assume: sources are all satisfied. |
|
923 */ |
|
924 Planner.prototype.makePlan = function (sources) { |
|
925 var mark = this.newMark(); |
|
926 var plan = new Plan(); |
|
927 var todo = sources; |
|
928 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
929 while (todo.size() > 0) { |
|
930 var c = todo.removeFirst(); |
|
931 if (c.output().mark != mark && c.inputsKnown(mark)) { |
|
932 plan.addConstraint(c); |
|
933 c.output().mark = mark; |
|
934 this.addConstraintsConsumingTo(c.output(), todo); |
|
935 } |
|
936 } |
|
937 /* END LOOP */ |
|
938 return plan; |
|
939 } |
|
940 |
|
941 /** |
|
942 * Extract a plan for resatisfying starting from the output of the |
|
943 * given constraints, usually a set of input constraints. |
|
944 */ |
|
945 Planner.prototype.extractPlanFromConstraints = function (constraints) { |
|
946 var sources = new OrderedCollection(); |
|
947 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
948 for (var i = 0; i < constraints.size(); i++) { |
|
949 var c = constraints.at(i); |
|
950 if (c.isInput() && c.isSatisfied()) |
|
951 // not in plan already and eligible for inclusion |
|
952 sources.add(c); |
|
953 } |
|
954 /* END LOOP */ |
|
955 return this.makePlan(sources); |
|
956 } |
|
957 |
|
958 /** |
|
959 * Recompute the walkabout strengths and stay flags of all variables |
|
960 * downstream of the given constraint and recompute the actual |
|
961 * values of all variables whose stay flag is true. If a cycle is |
|
962 * detected, remove the given constraint and answer |
|
963 * false. Otherwise, answer true. |
|
964 * Details: Cycles are detected when a marked variable is |
|
965 * encountered downstream of the given constraint. The sender is |
|
966 * assumed to have marked the inputs of the given constraint with |
|
967 * the given mark. Thus, encountering a marked node downstream of |
|
968 * the output constraint means that there is a path from the |
|
969 * constraint's output to one of its inputs. |
|
970 */ |
|
971 Planner.prototype.addPropagate = function (c, mark) { |
|
972 var todo = new OrderedCollection(); |
|
973 todo.add(c); |
|
974 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
975 while (todo.size() > 0) { |
|
976 var d = todo.removeFirst(); |
|
977 if (d.output().mark == mark) { |
|
978 this.incrementalRemove(c); |
|
979 return false; |
|
980 } |
|
981 d.recalculate(); |
|
982 this.addConstraintsConsumingTo(d.output(), todo); |
|
983 } |
|
984 /* END LOOP */ |
|
985 return true; |
|
986 } |
|
987 |
|
988 |
|
989 /** |
|
990 * Update the walkabout strengths and stay flags of all variables |
|
991 * downstream of the given constraint. Answer a collection of |
|
992 * unsatisfied constraints sorted in order of decreasing strength. |
|
993 */ |
|
994 Planner.prototype.removePropagateFrom = function (out) { |
|
995 out.determinedBy = null; |
|
996 out.walkStrength = Strength.WEAKEST; |
|
997 out.stay = true; |
|
998 var unsatisfied = new OrderedCollection(); |
|
999 var todo = new OrderedCollection(); |
|
1000 todo.add(out); |
|
1001 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1002 while (todo.size() > 0) { |
|
1003 var v = todo.removeFirst(); |
|
1004 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1005 for (var i = 0; i < v.constraints.size(); i++) { |
|
1006 var c = v.constraints.at(i); |
|
1007 if (!c.isSatisfied()) |
|
1008 unsatisfied.add(c); |
|
1009 } |
|
1010 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1011 var determining = v.determinedBy; |
|
1012 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1013 for (var i = 0; i < v.constraints.size(); i++) { |
|
1014 var next = v.constraints.at(i); |
|
1015 if (next != determining && next.isSatisfied()) { |
|
1016 next.recalculate(); |
|
1017 todo.add(next.output()); |
|
1018 } |
|
1019 } |
|
1020 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1021 } |
|
1022 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1023 return unsatisfied; |
|
1024 } |
|
1025 |
|
1026 Planner.prototype.addConstraintsConsumingTo = function (v, coll) { |
|
1027 var determining = v.determinedBy; |
|
1028 var cc = v.constraints; |
|
1029 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1030 for (var i = 0; i < cc.size(); i++) { |
|
1031 var c = cc.at(i); |
|
1032 if (c != determining && c.isSatisfied()) |
|
1033 coll.add(c); |
|
1034 } |
|
1035 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1036 } |
|
1037 |
|
1038 /* --- * |
|
1039 * P l a n |
|
1040 * --- */ |
|
1041 |
|
1042 /** |
|
1043 * A Plan is an ordered list of constraints to be executed in sequence |
|
1044 * to resatisfy all currently satisfiable constraints in the face of |
|
1045 * one or more changing inputs. |
|
1046 */ |
|
1047 function Plan() { |
|
1048 this.v = new OrderedCollection(); |
|
1049 } |
|
1050 |
|
1051 Plan.prototype.addConstraint = function (c) { |
|
1052 this.v.add(c); |
|
1053 } |
|
1054 |
|
1055 Plan.prototype.size = function () { |
|
1056 return this.v.size(); |
|
1057 } |
|
1058 |
|
1059 Plan.prototype.constraintAt = function (index) { |
|
1060 return this.v.at(index); |
|
1061 } |
|
1062 |
|
1063 Plan.prototype.execute = function () { |
|
1064 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1065 for (var i = 0; i < this.size(); i++) { |
|
1066 var c = this.constraintAt(i); |
|
1067 c.execute(); |
|
1068 } |
|
1069 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1070 } |
|
1071 |
|
1072 /* --- * |
|
1073 * M a i n |
|
1074 * --- */ |
|
1075 |
|
1076 /** |
|
1077 * This is the standard DeltaBlue benchmark. A long chain of equality |
|
1078 * constraints is constructed with a stay constraint on one end. An |
|
1079 * edit constraint is then added to the opposite end and the time is |
|
1080 * measured for adding and removing this constraint, and extracting |
|
1081 * and executing a constraint satisfaction plan. There are two cases. |
|
1082 * In case 1, the added constraint is stronger than the stay |
|
1083 * constraint and values must propagate down the entire length of the |
|
1084 * chain. In case 2, the added constraint is weaker than the stay |
|
1085 * constraint so it cannot be accomodated. The cost in this case is, |
|
1086 * of course, very low. Typical situations lie somewhere between these |
|
1087 * two extremes. |
|
1088 */ |
|
1089 function chainTest(n) { |
|
1090 planner = new Planner(); |
|
1091 var prev = null, first = null, last = null; |
|
1092 |
|
1093 // Build chain of n equality constraints |
|
1094 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1095 for (var i = 0; i <= n; i++) { |
|
1096 var name = "v" + i; |
|
1097 var v = new Variable(name); |
|
1098 if (prev != null) |
|
1099 new EqualityConstraint(prev, v, Strength.REQUIRED); |
|
1100 if (i == 0) first = v; |
|
1101 if (i == n) last = v; |
|
1102 prev = v; |
|
1103 } |
|
1104 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1105 |
|
1106 new StayConstraint(last, Strength.STRONG_DEFAULT); |
|
1107 var edit = new EditConstraint(first, Strength.PREFERRED); |
|
1108 var edits = new OrderedCollection(); |
|
1109 edits.add(edit); |
|
1110 var plan = planner.extractPlanFromConstraints(edits); |
|
1111 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1112 for (var i = 0; i < 100; i++) { |
|
1113 first.value = i; |
|
1114 plan.execute(); |
|
1115 if (last.value != i) |
|
1116 alert("Chain test failed."); |
|
1117 } |
|
1118 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1119 } |
|
1120 |
|
1121 /** |
|
1122 * This test constructs a two sets of variables related to each |
|
1123 * other by a simple linear transformation (scale and offset). The |
|
1124 * time is measured to change a variable on either side of the |
|
1125 * mapping and to change the scale and offset factors. |
|
1126 */ |
|
1127 function projectionTest(n) { |
|
1128 planner = new Planner(); |
|
1129 var scale = new Variable("scale", 10); |
|
1130 var offset = new Variable("offset", 1000); |
|
1131 var src = null, dst = null; |
|
1132 |
|
1133 var dests = new OrderedCollection(); |
|
1134 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1135 for (var i = 0; i < n; i++) { |
|
1136 src = new Variable("src" + i, i); |
|
1137 dst = new Variable("dst" + i, i); |
|
1138 dests.add(dst); |
|
1139 new StayConstraint(src, Strength.NORMAL); |
|
1140 new ScaleConstraint(src, scale, offset, dst, Strength.REQUIRED); |
|
1141 } |
|
1142 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1143 |
|
1144 change(src, 17); |
|
1145 if (dst.value != 1170) alert("Projection 1 failed"); |
|
1146 change(dst, 1050); |
|
1147 if (src.value != 5) alert("Projection 2 failed"); |
|
1148 change(scale, 5); |
|
1149 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1150 for (var i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) { |
|
1151 if (dests.at(i).value != i * 5 + 1000) |
|
1152 alert("Projection 3 failed"); |
|
1153 } |
|
1154 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1155 change(offset, 2000); |
|
1156 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1157 for (var i = 0; i < n - 1; i++) { |
|
1158 if (dests.at(i).value != i * 5 + 2000) |
|
1159 alert("Projection 4 failed"); |
|
1160 } |
|
1161 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1162 } |
|
1163 |
|
1164 function change(v, newValue) { |
|
1165 var edit = new EditConstraint(v, Strength.PREFERRED); |
|
1166 var edits = new OrderedCollection(); |
|
1167 edits.add(edit); |
|
1168 var plan = planner.extractPlanFromConstraints(edits); |
|
1169 /* BEGIN LOOP */ |
|
1170 for (var i = 0; i < 10; i++) { |
|
1171 v.value = newValue; |
|
1172 plan.execute(); |
|
1173 } |
|
1174 /* END LOOP */ |
|
1175 edit.destroyConstraint(); |
|
1176 } |
|
1177 |
|
1178 // Global variable holding the current planner. |
|
1179 var planner = null; |
|
1180 |
|
1181 function deltaBlue() { |
|
1182 chainTest(100); |
|
1183 projectionTest(100); |
|
1184 } |
|
1185 |
|
1186 function PrintResult(name, result) { |
|
1187 } |
|
1188 |
|
1189 |
|
1190 function PrintScore(score) { |
|
1191 } |
|
1192 |
|
1193 |
|
1194 BenchmarkSuite.RunSuites({ NotifyResult: PrintResult, |
|
1195 NotifyScore: PrintScore }); |
|
1196 |