michael@0: /* -*- Mode: C++; tab-width: 2; indent-tabs-mode: nil; c-basic-offset: 2 -*- */
michael@0: // vim:set ts=2 sts=2 sw=2 et cin:
michael@0: /* This Source Code Form is subject to the terms of the Mozilla Public
michael@0:  * License, v. 2.0. If a copy of the MPL was not distributed with this
michael@0:  * file, You can obtain one at http://mozilla.org/MPL/2.0/. */
michael@0: 
michael@0: #include <dlfcn.h>
michael@0: #import <AppKit/AppKit.h>
michael@0: #import <QuartzCore/QuartzCore.h>
michael@0: #include "PluginUtilsOSX.h"
michael@0: 
michael@0: // Remove definitions for try/catch interfering with ObjCException macros.
michael@0: #include "nsObjCExceptions.h"
michael@0: #include "nsCocoaUtils.h"
michael@0: 
michael@0: #include "nsDebug.h"
michael@0: 
michael@0: @interface CALayer (ContentsScale)
michael@0: - (double)contentsScale;
michael@0: - (void)setContentsScale:(double)scale;
michael@0: @end
michael@0: 
michael@0: using namespace mozilla::plugins::PluginUtilsOSX;
michael@0: 
michael@0: @interface CGBridgeLayer : CALayer {
michael@0:   DrawPluginFunc mDrawFunc;
michael@0:   void* mPluginInstance;
michael@0:   nsIntRect mUpdateRect;
michael@0:   BOOL mAvoidCGCrashes;
michael@0:   CGContextRef mLastCGContext;
michael@0: }
michael@0: - (void)setDrawFunc:(DrawPluginFunc)aFunc
michael@0:      pluginInstance:(void*)aPluginInstance
michael@0:      avoidCGCrashes:(BOOL)aAvoidCGCrashes;
michael@0: - (void)updateRect:(nsIntRect)aRect;
michael@0: - (void)protectLastCGContext;
michael@0: 
michael@0: @end
michael@0: 
michael@0: // CGBitmapContextSetData() is an undocumented function present (with
michael@0: // the same signature) since at least OS X 10.5.  As the name suggests,
michael@0: // it's used to replace the "data" in a bitmap context that was
michael@0: // originally specified in a call to CGBitmapContextCreate() or
michael@0: // CGBitmapContextCreateWithData().
michael@0: typedef void (*CGBitmapContextSetDataFunc) (CGContextRef c,
michael@0:                                             size_t x,
michael@0:                                             size_t y,
michael@0:                                             size_t width,
michael@0:                                             size_t height,
michael@0:                                             void* data,
michael@0:                                             size_t bitsPerComponent,
michael@0:                                             size_t bitsPerPixel,
michael@0:                                             size_t bytesPerRow);
michael@0: CGBitmapContextSetDataFunc CGBitmapContextSetDataPtr = NULL;
michael@0: 
michael@0: @implementation CGBridgeLayer
michael@0: - (void) updateRect:(nsIntRect)aRect
michael@0: {
michael@0:    mUpdateRect.UnionRect(mUpdateRect, aRect);
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: - (void) setDrawFunc:(DrawPluginFunc)aFunc
michael@0:       pluginInstance:(void*)aPluginInstance
michael@0:       avoidCGCrashes:(BOOL)aAvoidCGCrashes
michael@0: {
michael@0:   mDrawFunc = aFunc;
michael@0:   mPluginInstance = aPluginInstance;
michael@0:   mAvoidCGCrashes = aAvoidCGCrashes;
michael@0:   mLastCGContext = nil;
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: // The Flash plugin, in very unusual circumstances, can (in CoreGraphics
michael@0: // mode) try to access the CGContextRef from -[CGBridgeLayer drawInContext:]
michael@0: // outside of any call to NPP_HandleEvent(NPCocoaEventDrawRect).  This usually
michael@0: // crashes the plugin process (probably because it tries to access deleted
michael@0: // memory).  We stop these crashes from happening by holding a reference to
michael@0: // the CGContextRef, and also by ensuring that it's data won't get deleted.
michael@0: // The CGContextRef won't "work" in this form.  But this won't cause trouble
michael@0: // for plugins that do things correctly (that don't access this CGContextRef
michael@0: // outside of the call to NPP_HandleEvent() that passes it to the plugin).
michael@0: // The OS may reuse this CGContextRef (it may get passed to other calls to
michael@0: // -[CGBridgeLayer drawInContext:]).  But before each call the OS calls
michael@0: // CGBitmapContextSetData() to replace its data, which undoes the changes
michael@0: // we make here.  See bug 804606.
michael@0: - (void)protectLastCGContext
michael@0: {
michael@0:   if (!mAvoidCGCrashes || !mLastCGContext) {
michael@0:     return;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   static char ensuredData[128] = {0};
michael@0: 
michael@0:   if (!CGBitmapContextSetDataPtr) {
michael@0:     CGBitmapContextSetDataPtr = (CGBitmapContextSetDataFunc)
michael@0:       dlsym(RTLD_DEFAULT, "CGBitmapContextSetData");
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   if (CGBitmapContextSetDataPtr && (GetContextType(mLastCGContext) == CG_CONTEXT_TYPE_BITMAP)) {
michael@0:     CGBitmapContextSetDataPtr(mLastCGContext, 0, 0, 1, 1, ensuredData, 8, 32, 64);
michael@0:   }
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: - (void)drawInContext:(CGContextRef)aCGContext
michael@0: {
michael@0:   ::CGContextSaveGState(aCGContext); 
michael@0:   ::CGContextTranslateCTM(aCGContext, 0, self.bounds.size.height);
michael@0:   ::CGContextScaleCTM(aCGContext, (CGFloat) 1, (CGFloat) -1);
michael@0: 
michael@0:   mUpdateRect = nsIntRect(0, 0, self.bounds.size.width, self.bounds.size.height);
michael@0: 
michael@0:   mDrawFunc(aCGContext, mPluginInstance, mUpdateRect);
michael@0: 
michael@0:   ::CGContextRestoreGState(aCGContext);
michael@0: 
michael@0:   if (mAvoidCGCrashes) {
michael@0:     if (mLastCGContext) {
michael@0:       ::CGContextRelease(mLastCGContext);
michael@0:     }
michael@0:     mLastCGContext = aCGContext;
michael@0:     ::CGContextRetain(mLastCGContext);
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   mUpdateRect.SetEmpty();
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: - (void)dealloc
michael@0: {
michael@0:   if (mLastCGContext) {
michael@0:     ::CGContextRelease(mLastCGContext);
michael@0:   }
michael@0:   [super dealloc];
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: @end
michael@0: 
michael@0: void* mozilla::plugins::PluginUtilsOSX::GetCGLayer(DrawPluginFunc aFunc, void* aPluginInstance,
michael@0:                                                    bool aAvoidCGCrashes, double aContentsScaleFactor)
michael@0: {
michael@0:   CGBridgeLayer *bridgeLayer = [[CGBridgeLayer alloc] init];
michael@0: 
michael@0:   // We need to make bridgeLayer behave properly when its superlayer changes
michael@0:   // size (in nsCARenderer::SetBounds()).
michael@0:   bridgeLayer.autoresizingMask = kCALayerWidthSizable | kCALayerHeightSizable;
michael@0:   bridgeLayer.needsDisplayOnBoundsChange = YES;
michael@0:   NSNull *nullValue = [NSNull null];
michael@0:   NSDictionary *actions = [NSDictionary dictionaryWithObjectsAndKeys:
michael@0:                              nullValue, @"bounds",
michael@0:                              nullValue, @"contents",
michael@0:                              nullValue, @"contentsRect",
michael@0:                              nullValue, @"position",
michael@0:                              nil];
michael@0:   [bridgeLayer setStyle:[NSDictionary dictionaryWithObject:actions forKey:@"actions"]];
michael@0: 
michael@0:   // For reasons that aren't clear (perhaps one or more OS bugs), we can only
michael@0:   // use full HiDPI resolution here if the tree is built with the 10.7 SDK or
michael@0:   // up.  If we build with the 10.6 SDK, changing the contentsScale property
michael@0:   // of bridgeLayer (even to the same value) causes it to stop working (go
michael@0:   // blank).  This doesn't happen with objects that are members of the CALayer
michael@0:   // class (as opposed to one of its subclasses).
michael@0: #if defined(MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7) && \
michael@0:     MAC_OS_X_VERSION_MAX_ALLOWED >= MAC_OS_X_VERSION_10_7
michael@0:   if ([bridgeLayer respondsToSelector:@selector(setContentsScale:)]) {
michael@0:     bridgeLayer.contentsScale = aContentsScaleFactor;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: #endif
michael@0: 
michael@0:   [bridgeLayer setDrawFunc:aFunc
michael@0:             pluginInstance:aPluginInstance
michael@0:             avoidCGCrashes:aAvoidCGCrashes];
michael@0:   return bridgeLayer;
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: void mozilla::plugins::PluginUtilsOSX::ReleaseCGLayer(void *cgLayer) {
michael@0:   CGBridgeLayer *bridgeLayer = (CGBridgeLayer*)cgLayer;
michael@0:   [bridgeLayer release];
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: void mozilla::plugins::PluginUtilsOSX::Repaint(void *caLayer, nsIntRect aRect) {
michael@0:   CGBridgeLayer *bridgeLayer = (CGBridgeLayer*)caLayer;
michael@0:   [CATransaction begin];
michael@0:   [bridgeLayer updateRect:aRect];
michael@0:   [bridgeLayer setNeedsDisplay];
michael@0:   [bridgeLayer displayIfNeeded];
michael@0:   [CATransaction commit];
michael@0:   [bridgeLayer protectLastCGContext];
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: @interface EventProcessor : NSObject {
michael@0:   RemoteProcessEvents   aRemoteEvents;
michael@0:   void                 *aPluginModule;
michael@0: }
michael@0: - (void)setRemoteEvents:(RemoteProcessEvents) remoteEvents pluginModule:(void*) pluginModule;
michael@0: - (void)onTick;
michael@0: @end
michael@0: 
michael@0: @implementation EventProcessor
michael@0: - (void) onTick
michael@0: {
michael@0:     aRemoteEvents(aPluginModule);
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: - (void)setRemoteEvents:(RemoteProcessEvents) remoteEvents pluginModule:(void*) pluginModule
michael@0: {
michael@0:     aRemoteEvents = remoteEvents;
michael@0:     aPluginModule = pluginModule;
michael@0: }
michael@0: @end
michael@0: 
michael@0: #define EVENT_PROCESS_DELAY 0.05 // 50 ms
michael@0: 
michael@0: NPError mozilla::plugins::PluginUtilsOSX::ShowCocoaContextMenu(void* aMenu, int aX, int aY, void* pluginModule, RemoteProcessEvents remoteEvent) 
michael@0: {
michael@0:   NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_ABORT_BLOCK;
michael@0: 
michael@0:   // Set the native cursor to the OS default (an arrow) before displaying the
michael@0:   // context menu.  Otherwise (if the plugin has changed the cursor) it may
michael@0:   // stay as the plugin has set it -- which means it may be invisible.  We
michael@0:   // need to do this because we display the context menu without making the
michael@0:   // plugin process the foreground process.  If we did, the cursor would
michael@0:   // change to an arrow cursor automatically -- as it does in Chrome.
michael@0:   [[NSCursor arrowCursor] set];
michael@0: 
michael@0:   // Create a timer to process browser events while waiting
michael@0:   // on the menu. This prevents the browser from hanging
michael@0:   // during the lifetime of the menu.
michael@0:   EventProcessor* eventProcessor = [[EventProcessor alloc] init];
michael@0:   [eventProcessor setRemoteEvents:remoteEvent pluginModule:pluginModule];
michael@0:   NSTimer *eventTimer = [NSTimer timerWithTimeInterval:EVENT_PROCESS_DELAY
michael@0:                              target:eventProcessor selector:@selector(onTick) 
michael@0:                              userInfo:nil repeats:TRUE];
michael@0:   // Use NSEventTrackingRunLoopMode otherwise the timer will
michael@0:   // not fire during the right click menu.
michael@0:   [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] addTimer:eventTimer 
michael@0:                               forMode:NSEventTrackingRunLoopMode];
michael@0: 
michael@0:   NSMenu* nsmenu = reinterpret_cast<NSMenu*>(aMenu);
michael@0:   NSPoint screen_point = ::NSMakePoint(aX, aY);
michael@0: 
michael@0:   [nsmenu popUpMenuPositioningItem:nil atLocation:screen_point inView:nil];
michael@0: 
michael@0:   [eventTimer invalidate];
michael@0:   [eventProcessor release];
michael@0: 
michael@0:   return NPERR_NO_ERROR;
michael@0: 
michael@0:   NS_OBJC_END_TRY_ABORT_BLOCK_RETURN(NPERR_GENERIC_ERROR);
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: void mozilla::plugins::PluginUtilsOSX::InvokeNativeEventLoop()
michael@0: {
michael@0:   NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_ABORT_BLOCK;
michael@0:   ::CFRunLoopRunInMode(kCFRunLoopDefaultMode, 0.0, true);
michael@0:   NS_OBJC_END_TRY_ABORT_BLOCK;
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: 
michael@0: #define UNDOCUMENTED_SESSION_CONSTANT ((int)-2)
michael@0: namespace mozilla {
michael@0: namespace plugins {
michael@0: namespace PluginUtilsOSX {
michael@0:   static void *sApplicationASN = NULL;
michael@0:   static void *sApplicationInfoItem = NULL;
michael@0: }
michael@0: }
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: bool mozilla::plugins::PluginUtilsOSX::SetProcessName(const char* aProcessName) {
michael@0:   NS_OBJC_BEGIN_TRY_ABORT_BLOCK;
michael@0:   nsAutoreleasePool localPool;
michael@0: 
michael@0:   if (!aProcessName || strcmp(aProcessName, "") == 0) {
michael@0:     return false;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   NSString *currentName = [[[NSBundle mainBundle] localizedInfoDictionary] 
michael@0:                               objectForKey:(NSString *)kCFBundleNameKey];
michael@0: 
michael@0:   char formattedName[1024];
michael@0:   snprintf(formattedName, sizeof(formattedName), 
michael@0:       "%s (%s)", [currentName UTF8String], aProcessName);
michael@0: 
michael@0:   aProcessName = formattedName;
michael@0: 
michael@0:   // This function is based on Chrome/Webkit's and relies on potentially dangerous SPI.
michael@0:   typedef CFTypeRef (*LSGetASNType)();
michael@0:   typedef OSStatus (*LSSetInformationItemType)(int, CFTypeRef,
michael@0:                                                CFStringRef, 
michael@0:                                                CFStringRef,
michael@0:                                                CFDictionaryRef*);
michael@0: 
michael@0:   CFBundleRef launchServices = ::CFBundleGetBundleWithIdentifier(
michael@0:                                           CFSTR("com.apple.LaunchServices"));
michael@0:   if (!launchServices) {
michael@0:     NS_WARNING("Failed to set process name: Could not open LaunchServices bundle");
michael@0:     return false;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   if (!sApplicationASN) {
michael@0:     sApplicationASN = ::CFBundleGetFunctionPointerForName(launchServices, 
michael@0:                                             CFSTR("_LSGetCurrentApplicationASN"));
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   LSGetASNType getASNFunc = reinterpret_cast<LSGetASNType>
michael@0:                                           (sApplicationASN);
michael@0: 
michael@0:   if (!sApplicationInfoItem) {
michael@0:     sApplicationInfoItem = ::CFBundleGetFunctionPointerForName(launchServices, 
michael@0:                                             CFSTR("_LSSetApplicationInformationItem"));
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   LSSetInformationItemType setInformationItemFunc 
michael@0:                                           = reinterpret_cast<LSSetInformationItemType>
michael@0:                                           (sApplicationInfoItem);
michael@0: 
michael@0:   void * displayNameKeyAddr = ::CFBundleGetDataPointerForName(launchServices,
michael@0:                                           CFSTR("_kLSDisplayNameKey"));
michael@0: 
michael@0:   CFStringRef displayNameKey = nil;
michael@0:   if (displayNameKeyAddr) {
michael@0:     displayNameKey = reinterpret_cast<CFStringRef>(*(CFStringRef*)displayNameKeyAddr);
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   // Rename will fail without this
michael@0:   ProcessSerialNumber psn;
michael@0:   if (::GetCurrentProcess(&psn) != noErr) {
michael@0:     return false;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   CFTypeRef currentAsn = getASNFunc();
michael@0: 
michael@0:   if (!getASNFunc || !setInformationItemFunc || 
michael@0:       !displayNameKey || !currentAsn) {
michael@0:     NS_WARNING("Failed to set process name: Accessing launchServices failed");
michael@0:     return false;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   CFStringRef processName = ::CFStringCreateWithCString(nil, 
michael@0:                                                         aProcessName, 
michael@0:                                                         kCFStringEncodingASCII);
michael@0:   if (!processName) {
michael@0:     NS_WARNING("Failed to set process name: Could not create CFStringRef");
michael@0:     return false;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   OSErr err = setInformationItemFunc(UNDOCUMENTED_SESSION_CONSTANT, currentAsn,
michael@0:                                      displayNameKey, processName,
michael@0:                                      nil); // Optional out param
michael@0:   ::CFRelease(processName);
michael@0:   if (err != noErr) {
michael@0:     NS_WARNING("Failed to set process name: LSSetInformationItemType err");
michael@0:     return false;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   return true;
michael@0:   NS_OBJC_END_TRY_ABORT_BLOCK_RETURN(false);
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: namespace mozilla {
michael@0: namespace plugins {
michael@0: namespace PluginUtilsOSX {
michael@0: 
michael@0: size_t nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::GetFrontSurfaceWidth() {
michael@0:   if (!HasFrontSurface()) {
michael@0:     return 0;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   return mFrontSurface->GetWidth();
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: size_t nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::GetFrontSurfaceHeight() {
michael@0:   if (!HasFrontSurface()) {
michael@0:     return 0;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   return mFrontSurface->GetHeight();
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: double nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::GetFrontSurfaceContentsScaleFactor() {
michael@0:   if (!HasFrontSurface()) {
michael@0:     return 1.0;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   return mFrontSurface->GetContentsScaleFactor();
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: size_t nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::GetBackSurfaceWidth() {
michael@0:   if (!HasBackSurface()) {
michael@0:     return 0;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   return mBackSurface->GetWidth();
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: size_t nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::GetBackSurfaceHeight() {
michael@0:   if (!HasBackSurface()) {
michael@0:     return 0;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   return mBackSurface->GetHeight();
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: double nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::GetBackSurfaceContentsScaleFactor() {
michael@0:   if (!HasBackSurface()) {
michael@0:     return 1.0;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   return mBackSurface->GetContentsScaleFactor();
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: IOSurfaceID nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::GetFrontSurfaceID() {
michael@0:   if (!HasFrontSurface()) {
michael@0:     return 0;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   return mFrontSurface->GetIOSurfaceID();
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: bool nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::HasBackSurface() {
michael@0:   return !!mBackSurface;
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: bool nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::HasFrontSurface() {
michael@0:   return !!mFrontSurface;
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: bool nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::HasCALayer() {
michael@0:   return !!mCALayer;
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: void nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::SetCALayer(void *aCALayer) {
michael@0:   mCALayer = aCALayer;
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: bool nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::InitFrontSurface(size_t aWidth, size_t aHeight,
michael@0:                                                 double aContentsScaleFactor,
michael@0:                                                 AllowOfflineRendererEnum aAllowOfflineRenderer) {
michael@0:   if (!mCALayer) {
michael@0:     return false;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   mContentsScaleFactor = aContentsScaleFactor;
michael@0:   mFrontSurface = MacIOSurface::CreateIOSurface(aWidth, aHeight, mContentsScaleFactor);
michael@0:   if (!mFrontSurface) {
michael@0:     mCARenderer = nullptr;
michael@0:     return false;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   if (!mCARenderer) {
michael@0:     mCARenderer = new nsCARenderer();
michael@0:     if (!mCARenderer) {
michael@0:       mFrontSurface = nullptr;
michael@0:       return false;
michael@0:     }
michael@0: 
michael@0:     mCARenderer->AttachIOSurface(mFrontSurface);
michael@0: 
michael@0:     nsresult result = mCARenderer->SetupRenderer(mCALayer,
michael@0:                         mFrontSurface->GetWidth(),
michael@0:                         mFrontSurface->GetHeight(),
michael@0:                         mContentsScaleFactor,
michael@0:                         aAllowOfflineRenderer);
michael@0: 
michael@0:     if (result != NS_OK) {
michael@0:       mCARenderer = nullptr;
michael@0:       mFrontSurface = nullptr;
michael@0:       return false;
michael@0:     }
michael@0:   } else {
michael@0:     mCARenderer->AttachIOSurface(mFrontSurface);
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   return true;
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: void nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::Render() {
michael@0:   if (!HasFrontSurface() || !mCARenderer) {
michael@0:     return;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: 
michael@0:   mCARenderer->Render(GetFrontSurfaceWidth(), GetFrontSurfaceHeight(),
michael@0:                       mContentsScaleFactor, nullptr);
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: void nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::SwapSurfaces() {
michael@0:   RefPtr<MacIOSurface> prevFrontSurface = mFrontSurface;
michael@0:   mFrontSurface = mBackSurface;
michael@0:   mBackSurface = prevFrontSurface;
michael@0: 
michael@0:   if (mFrontSurface) {
michael@0:     mCARenderer->AttachIOSurface(mFrontSurface);
michael@0:   }
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: void nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::ClearFrontSurface() {
michael@0:   mFrontSurface = nullptr;
michael@0:   if (!mFrontSurface && !mBackSurface) {
michael@0:     mCARenderer = nullptr;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: void nsDoubleBufferCARenderer::ClearBackSurface() {
michael@0:   mBackSurface = nullptr;
michael@0:   if (!mFrontSurface && !mBackSurface) {
michael@0:     mCARenderer = nullptr;
michael@0:   }
michael@0: }
michael@0: 
michael@0: } //PluginUtilsOSX
michael@0: } //plugins
michael@0: } //mozilla
michael@0: