ipc/chromium/src/base/shared_memory.h

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1 // Copyright (c) 2006-2008 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file.
4
5 #ifndef BASE_SHARED_MEMORY_H_
6 #define BASE_SHARED_MEMORY_H_
7
8 #include "build/build_config.h"
9
10 #if defined(OS_POSIX)
11 #include <sys/types.h>
12 #include <semaphore.h>
13 #include "base/file_descriptor_posix.h"
14 #endif
15 #include <string>
16
17 #include "base/basictypes.h"
18 #include "base/process.h"
19
20 namespace base {
21
22 // SharedMemoryHandle is a platform specific type which represents
23 // the underlying OS handle to a shared memory segment.
24 #if defined(OS_WIN)
25 typedef HANDLE SharedMemoryHandle;
26 typedef HANDLE SharedMemoryLock;
27 #elif defined(OS_POSIX)
28 // A SharedMemoryId is sufficient to identify a given shared memory segment on a
29 // system, but insufficient to map it.
30 typedef FileDescriptor SharedMemoryHandle;
31 typedef ino_t SharedMemoryId;
32 // On POSIX, the lock is implemented as a lockf() on the mapped file,
33 // so no additional member (or definition of SharedMemoryLock) is
34 // needed.
35 #endif
36
37 // Platform abstraction for shared memory. Provides a C++ wrapper
38 // around the OS primitive for a memory mapped file.
39 class SharedMemory {
40 public:
41 // Create a new SharedMemory object.
42 SharedMemory();
43
44 // Create a new SharedMemory object from an existing, open
45 // shared memory file.
46 SharedMemory(SharedMemoryHandle handle, bool read_only);
47
48 // Create a new SharedMemory object from an existing, open
49 // shared memory file that was created by a remote process and not shared
50 // to the current process.
51 SharedMemory(SharedMemoryHandle handle, bool read_only,
52 base::ProcessHandle process);
53
54 // Destructor. Will close any open files.
55 ~SharedMemory();
56
57 // Return true iff the given handle is valid (i.e. not the distingished
58 // invalid value; NULL for a HANDLE and -1 for a file descriptor)
59 static bool IsHandleValid(const SharedMemoryHandle& handle);
60
61 // Return invalid handle (see comment above for exact definition).
62 static SharedMemoryHandle NULLHandle();
63
64 // Creates or opens a shared memory segment based on a name.
65 // If read_only is true, opens the memory as read-only.
66 // If open_existing is true, and the shared memory already exists,
67 // opens the existing shared memory and ignores the size parameter.
68 // If name is the empty string, use a unique name.
69 // Returns true on success, false on failure.
70 bool Create(const std::string& name, bool read_only, bool open_existing,
71 size_t size);
72
73 // Deletes resources associated with a shared memory segment based on name.
74 // Not all platforms require this call.
75 bool Delete(const std::wstring& name);
76
77 // Opens a shared memory segment based on a name.
78 // If read_only is true, opens for read-only access.
79 // If name is the empty string, use a unique name.
80 // Returns true on success, false on failure.
81 bool Open(const std::wstring& name, bool read_only);
82
83 // Maps the shared memory into the caller's address space.
84 // Returns true on success, false otherwise. The memory address
85 // is accessed via the memory() accessor.
86 bool Map(size_t bytes);
87
88 // Unmaps the shared memory from the caller's address space.
89 // Returns true if successful; returns false on error or if the
90 // memory is not mapped.
91 bool Unmap();
92
93 // Get the size of the opened shared memory backing file.
94 // Note: This size is only available to the creator of the
95 // shared memory, and not to those that opened shared memory
96 // created externally.
97 // Returns 0 if not opened or unknown.
98 size_t max_size() const { return max_size_; }
99
100 // Gets a pointer to the opened memory space if it has been
101 // Mapped via Map(). Returns NULL if it is not mapped.
102 void *memory() const { return memory_; }
103
104 // Get access to the underlying OS handle for this segment.
105 // Use of this handle for anything other than an opaque
106 // identifier is not portable.
107 SharedMemoryHandle handle() const;
108
109 #if defined(OS_POSIX)
110 // Return a unique identifier for this shared memory segment. Inode numbers
111 // are technically only unique to a single filesystem. However, we always
112 // allocate shared memory backing files from the same directory, so will end
113 // up on the same filesystem.
114 SharedMemoryId id() const { return inode_; }
115 #endif
116
117 // Closes the open shared memory segment.
118 // It is safe to call Close repeatedly.
119 void Close();
120
121 // Share the shared memory to another process. Attempts
122 // to create a platform-specific new_handle which can be
123 // used in a remote process to access the shared memory
124 // file. new_handle is an ouput parameter to receive
125 // the handle for use in the remote process.
126 // Returns true on success, false otherwise.
127 bool ShareToProcess(base::ProcessHandle process,
128 SharedMemoryHandle* new_handle) {
129 return ShareToProcessCommon(process, new_handle, false);
130 }
131
132 // Logically equivalent to:
133 // bool ok = ShareToProcess(process, new_handle);
134 // Close();
135 // return ok;
136 // Note that the memory is unmapped by calling this method, regardless of the
137 // return value.
138 bool GiveToProcess(ProcessHandle process,
139 SharedMemoryHandle* new_handle) {
140 return ShareToProcessCommon(process, new_handle, true);
141 }
142
143 // Lock the shared memory.
144 // This is a cross-process lock which may be recursively
145 // locked by the same thread.
146 // TODO(port):
147 // WARNING: on POSIX the lock only works across processes, not
148 // across threads. 2 threads in the same process can both grab the
149 // lock at the same time. There are several solutions for this
150 // (futex, lockf+anon_semaphore) but none are both clean and common
151 // across Mac and Linux.
152 void Lock();
153
154 // Release the shared memory lock.
155 void Unlock();
156
157 private:
158 #if defined(OS_POSIX)
159 bool CreateOrOpen(const std::wstring &name, int posix_flags, size_t size);
160 bool FilenameForMemoryName(const std::wstring &memname,
161 std::wstring *filename);
162 void LockOrUnlockCommon(int function);
163
164 #endif
165 bool ShareToProcessCommon(ProcessHandle process,
166 SharedMemoryHandle* new_handle,
167 bool close_self);
168
169 #if defined(OS_WIN)
170 std::wstring name_;
171 HANDLE mapped_file_;
172 #elif defined(OS_POSIX)
173 int mapped_file_;
174 ino_t inode_;
175 #endif
176 void* memory_;
177 bool read_only_;
178 size_t max_size_;
179 #if !defined(OS_POSIX)
180 SharedMemoryLock lock_;
181 #endif
182
183 DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(SharedMemory);
184 };
185
186 // A helper class that acquires the shared memory lock while
187 // the SharedMemoryAutoLock is in scope.
188 class SharedMemoryAutoLock {
189 public:
190 explicit SharedMemoryAutoLock(SharedMemory* shared_memory)
191 : shared_memory_(shared_memory) {
192 shared_memory_->Lock();
193 }
194
195 ~SharedMemoryAutoLock() {
196 shared_memory_->Unlock();
197 }
198
199 private:
200 SharedMemory* shared_memory_;
201 DISALLOW_EVIL_CONSTRUCTORS(SharedMemoryAutoLock);
202 };
203
204 } // namespace base
205
206 #endif // BASE_SHARED_MEMORY_H_

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